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6.13. ÏÎÆÀÐ ÏÎÄ ÂÎÄÎÉ

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6.13. ÏÎÆÀÐ ÏÎÄ ÂÎÄÎÉ

Ïîä âîäîé ãîðèò áåëûé ôîñôîð P4 (ñì. 4.26). Åñëè íåñêîëüêî åãî êóñî÷êîâ ïîìåñòèòü â õîëîäíóþ âîäó, à çàòåì íàãðåòü ñìåñü, ÷òîáû ôîñôîð ðàñïëàâèëñÿ, ìîæíî, ïðîïóñêàÿ â âîäó ñòðóþ êèñëîðîäà O2, ýòîò ôîñôîð ïîäæå÷ü; îí âñïûõèâàåò è ãîðèò, ïîñòåïåííî îêðàøèâàÿñü â êðàñíî-ôèîëåòîâûé öâåò. Ïîä âîäîé ïðîòåêàþò ñëåäóþùèå ðåàêöèè:

P4 + SO2 = P4O10, Ð4Î10 + 6Í2Î = 4Í3ÐO4, xÐ4 ? 4Ðx.

Ïåðâàÿ ðåàêöèÿ îòâå÷àåò ãîðåíèþ ôîñôîðà, âòîðàÿ — îáðàçîâàíèþ îðòîôîñôîðíîé êèñëîòû H3PO4, à òðåòüÿ — ïðåâðàùåíèþ áåëîãî ôîñôîðà â êðàñíûé (ñì. 5.72).

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